What this is
What is a video assessment?
What is a video assessment?
It is a record of one filmed capture of a task, the conditions under which it was filmed, and the scores that recognised assessment methods return from that footage. The assessor selects the methods, uploads the capture and reviews what comes back rather than entering joint angles or multipliers. Because several methods can be run against a single capture, the record's substance is the quality and honesty of the footage plus the assessor's judgement on whether the returned numbers match what the film shows.
Which methods can be run from one capture?
RULA and REBA for whole-body and upper-limb posture, WISHA as a fast screen, NIOSH for two-handed lifting, Snook for pushing, pulling and carrying, and MAC for lifting, carrying and team handling. They are not interchangeable: RULA weights the upper limb and static loading, REBA brings in legs and coupling, and the handling methods need a load or force figure that no camera can supply. Running all six because they are available produces six answers to questions the task did not ask.
Do you need the worker's consent to film them?
You need a lawful basis for the processing and, separately, the worker's informed agreement. Under UK and EU data protection law consent is a weak basis in employment because the power imbalance makes it hard to show it was freely given, so most organisations rely on legal obligation or legitimate interests and use the consent record to evidence that the purpose was explained and refusal carried no detriment. Some jurisdictions add a notice duty, which is separate from either.
Scope
When is a video assessment required?
This record owns the footage and everything that determines whether the footage can carry a score. The task-level conclusion, the control decision and the follow-up all live in neighbouring templates that reference this assessment by its ID, and the boundary is worth keeping clean because the capture is the part that cannot be redone later.
Use this template when
- A task needs a defensible posture or handling score and the exposure can be seen from outside the body
- Several methods are wanted on the same task and refilming for each one is not sensible
- A baseline is being established before a redesign, or a post control reassessment needs matched footage
- An investigation into an MSD report needs the task as performed rather than as described in the procedure
- Training material is needed showing the actual method, with consent and retention handled properly from the start
Do not use it for
- Task Ergonomic Assessment, which owns the task-level conclusion and the control decision and takes this record's score as an input
- Repetitive Task Assessment and Cumulative Exposure Assessment, where the exposure is duration and frequency across a shift rather than posture within a cycle
- Display Screen Assessment, a named legal duty about the workstation and the individual that filming a desk does nothing to satisfy
- Area Ergonomic Screening and Manual Handling Screening, which sift many tasks quickly and should decide which ones are worth filming
- Any performance, conduct or productivity purpose, which is covert or disguised monitoring and destroys both the lawful basis and the workforce's willingness to be filmed again
Compliance mapping
Which ISO 11226 requirements does this satisfy?
Video assessment sits between two regimes that do not talk to each other. Ergonomics standards specify how a posture or a lift is evaluated and say nothing about how the data is obtained; data protection law governs filming an identifiable worker and says nothing about ergonomics. A defensible record has to satisfy both.
| Clause | Requirement | Where it lands |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 11226 | Evaluation of static working postures, with recommended limits on joint angles and holding times | Scores returned |
| ISO 11228-1 | Limits for manual lifting, lowering and carrying, requiring an actual mass rather than an inferred one | What the video cannot see |
| ISO/TR 12295 | Application guidance on when a screening result is sufficient and when a detailed assessment is required | Interpretation |
| ISO 45001 cl.6.1.2.2 | Risk assessment methodology and criteria to be defined, applied and maintained consistently | Header |
| UK GDPR art.5(1) | Purpose limitation, data minimisation and storage limitation applied to footage of an identifiable worker | Consent |
| ISO 45001 cl.8.1.2 | Risk reduction following the hierarchy of controls, with the highest achievable level proposed | Outcome |
What it does not cover
- The task assessment itself, which weighs the score against the work organisation, the population doing the job and the practicable control options, and which is the record that carries the conclusion.
- A manual handling assessment under MHOR, which must address the task, the load, the working environment and the individual capability, only part of which is visible in a frame.
- Display screen equipment assessment, which is a distinct named duty covering the workstation, the chair, the screen and the individual, and cannot be discharged from footage.
- A data protection impact assessment, which is where systematic monitoring of workers is justified and documented; the consent section records agreement, not a lawful basis.
- Health surveillance or symptom assessment, which tracks the person rather than the exposure, and which a posture band says nothing about in either direction.
Global
Video Assessment requirements by country
Two separate legal questions travel with every capture: may you film this worker, and does the method you scored them with count. The first is answered by privacy and surveillance law that differs sharply between jurisdictions; the second by ergonomics standards that are broadly international.
OSH Act Section 5(a)(1); California Title 8 s.5110; state recording statutes
No federal ergonomics standard. California regulates repetitive motion injuries; state wiretap laws bite on audio rather than silent video.
Recording sound alongside the task can pull a capture into two-party consent territory in several states, so film silent unless there is a reason not to.
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992; UK GDPR; ICO employment practices guidance
Assessment duty under MHOR, with footage of a named worker treated as personal data subject to the full principles.
The ICO's position is that consent is rarely a sound basis for workplace monitoring, so document the actual basis and keep the retention period short and stated.
Directive 90/269/EEC; GDPR art.5, art.35 and art.88
Manual handling assessment duty, plus member state employment-context rules made under article 88.
Several member states require works council involvement before workers are filmed, which is a consultation step that has to happen before the camera comes out.
BC OHS Regulation Part 4; CSA Z1004; PIPEDA and provincial privacy statutes
Explicit MSI risk identification and assessment duties, with employee personal information rules layered on top.
Provincial privacy commissioners apply a necessity and proportionality test to employee video, so the purpose recorded on the assessment matters legally as well as methodologically.
Model WHS Regulations reg.60; NSW Workplace Surveillance Act 2005 and state equivalents
Duty to manage risks from hazardous manual tasks, with statutory notice requirements before camera surveillance of employees.
In New South Wales prior written notice of camera surveillance is required, so an unannounced capture can breach surveillance law even where the ergonomics purpose is legitimate.
ISO 11226 and the ISO 11228 series, with ISO/TR 12295 as the application document
Postural and handling evaluation methods with defined limits, and guidance on choosing between screening and detailed assessment.
Naming the correct part for the exposure you scored is what makes the result citable, and ISO/TR 12295 is the reference that justifies stopping at a screen.
How to complete it
How to complete a video assessment, step by step
The analysis does the arithmetic, which removes the part of this assessment that used to absorb the effort and leaves the part that always decided its worth. Four judgements decide whether the record can be relied on, and all four are made before or just after the camera runs.
Work backwards from the methods rather than filming and hoping. A side view is not optional for trunk and knee angles; coupling needs the hands and the grip in frame; NIOSH needs origin and destination heights, which need the feet visible and ideally a scale reference. Tripod-mounted beats handheld by more than most people expect, because tracking error on a moving camera looks exactly like joint movement.
The conditions filmed answers are the ones that decide whether the score generalises. A typical worker rather than the best performer, normal product and line conditions, and normal pace, which in practice means leaving the camera running until the novelty wears off. Five or more complete cycles lets the analysis see variation instead of one lucky repetition, and the worst-case cycle has to be in there, because the awkward variant is usually what is causing the symptoms.
Load weight and push or pull force are inputs, not outputs, and the record asks whether they were measured or estimated for good reason. A guessed 15 kg that is really 22 kg moves a NIOSH lifting index across an action threshold, and a Snook comparison against population capability is meaningless without a gauge reading. Weigh the item and pull a force gauge; where you cannot, mark it estimated so everyone downstream knows the tolerance.
Watch the film and read the score together. Disagreement almost always means a misread posture or a bad angle rather than a wrong method, so the first response to a score that looks wrong is to check the capture, not to override. Where an override is right, write the reason: which element was misread, what it should have been, and what you can see in the footage that supports it. An unexplained override leaves a number nobody can defend and an audit trail that reads as adjustment.
What auditors find
Most common video assessment findings
Findings cluster in two places: the capture, where the defect is technical and irreversible, and the consent and retention record, where it is legal and tends to be systemic across every capture the site holds.
| Finding | Clause | What fixes it |
|---|---|---|
| Side view not captured, yet posture method scores recorded and acted on. | ISO 11226 | Treat a missing side view as a mandatory recapture for any RULA or REBA result. |
| Load weight estimated rather than measured, with the estimate carried into a NIOSH or MAC result. | ISO 11228-1 | Weigh the load and record measured; where impossible, mark estimated and state the uncertainty. |
| Two or three cycles captured, so peak and typical exposure cannot be separated. | ISO/TR 12295 | Require five or more complete cycles including the worst case before the analysis is run. |
| Best performer filmed, working slower than normal, and the score used for the whole population. | ISO 45001 cl.6.1.2.2 | Film a typical worker at normal pace and record both answers on the assessment. |
| Capture quality recorded as marginal, recapture recorded as not required, and the result acted on. | ISO 45001 cl.9.1.1 | Make a marginal or inadequate capture quality answer force a recapture rather than an override. |
| Consent recorded but no lawful basis, retention period or storage location documented. | UK GDPR art.5(1) | State the basis, name the storage location and set a retention period at the point of capture. |
| Footage retained indefinitely, still holding identifiable faces, long after the assessment was closed. | UK GDPR art.5(1)(e) | Delete or anonymise on the agreed retention date and keep the scores and stills, which are what get reused. |
| Assessor not trained in ergonomic assessment, yet accepting and interpreting method output. | ISO 45001 cl.7.2 | Gate the assessor field on a current competence record rather than on availability. |
| Override applied with no reason recorded, moving a result out of an action band. | ISO 45001 cl.7.5.3 | Make the override reason mandatory and reviewed by a second competent person. |
| Result in an act now band with no CAPA, no reassessment flagged and no next review date. | ISO 45001 cl.8.1.2 | Raise the action from the band automatically and link the reassessment ID before the record closes. |
Case in point
Case in point: the capture that became the evidence against the site
A poultry processing site filmed a case-handling task after two discomfort reports. The capture was handheld, taken from the front because that was where the aisle let the assessor stand, and ran for about forty seconds. REBA came back in the investigate band with wrist posture as the dominant factor. The assessor answered the capture questions honestly, side view no, whole body partly, capture quality marginal, then answered recapture required as no, because the score was not in an action band and the line was about to change product.
Eleven months later an operator on that task lodged an upper-limb claim. The claimant's expert refilmed from the side, established that trunk flexion exceeded sixty degrees on every case taken from the bottom two layers, weighed the cases at 18 kg rather than the 12 kg assumed, and produced a REBA result two bands higher. The site's own assessment was disclosed alongside it.
The damaging document was not the expert's report. It was the site's record, which stated on its face that the side view had not been captured, that capture quality was marginal, and that no recapture had been thought necessary. The site had documented that it knew the assessment could not see the dominant exposure and chose not to look again. Had that record said recapture required, the position would have been ordinary diligence.
The template
The template, field by field
The form exactly as it installs. Every field, option, score and conditional rule is editable, and the links to other templates come with it.
8 sections
- Reference
- ERG-036
- Archetype
- Assessment
- Record ID
- VID-2026-000
- Scoring
- Highest risk band
- Direction
- High is bad
- Singleton
- Yes
- Basis
- ISO 11226
- Links
- Feeds Task Assessment, Reassessment and CAPA
- Tags
- Ergonomics, Video, Posture
- Sections
- 8
- Fields
- 80
- Follow up fields
- 4
- Repeating sections
- 1
- Links out
- 6
Header
18 fieldsAssessment ID*
Auto sequence. Format VID-2026-000.
The record's own ID. Other templates point at this value.
Status*
Drives who this goes to next.
- Planned2 pts
- In progress2 pts
- Complete3 pts
- Deferred0 pts
- Open0 pts
- Closed3 pts
- Overdue0 pts
Date and Time*
Completed By*
Site*
Site ID*
Format SITE-000.
Links to FDN-001 Site ID
Area
The area within the site.
Exact Location
Drop a pin for anything hard to find.
Worker*
Person ID*
Format PER-0000.
Links to FDN-003 Person ID
Task*
Job ID*
Format JOB-000.
Links to FDN-004 Job Task ID
Upload Once, Score With Whatever You Need
Select the methods you want and the analysis returns their scores from the same footage. You do not enter joint angles, posture codes or multipliers. Your job is to capture the task properly and then judge whether the numbers that come back match what you can see.
Assessor*
Assessor Trained In Ergonomic Assessment*
- Yes3 pts
- No0 pts
Purpose*
Baseline assessment, post control reassessment, investigation, or training material.
Assessments To Run*
RULA and REBA for posture. NIOSH for two handed lifting. Snook for push, pull and carry. WISHA as a fast screen. MAC for lifting, carrying and team handling.
Reason For Method Selection
Consent
5 fieldsWorker Consent Obtained*
Explain what the video is for, who will see it and how long it is kept. Consent can be withdrawn.
- Yes3 pts
- No0 pts
Purpose Explained To Worker*
- Yes3 pts
- No0 pts
Faces Obscured Where Requested
- Yes3 pts
- Not requested3 pts
- No0 pts
Retention Period Agreed*
- Yes3 pts
- No0 pts
Storage Location
Capture
14 fieldsBad Video, Meaningless Score
Every method depends on seeing joint angles clearly. Wrong angle, poor light or too few cycles and the numbers that follow are decoration. This section is the only real work the assessor does.
Task Video*
Upload or select the capture. Every method you selected runs on this footage.
Side View Captured*
Essential for trunk and knee angles. Posture methods cannot be scored without it.
- Yes3 pts
- Partial1 pt
- No0 pts
Front View Captured*
- Yes3 pts
- Partial1 pt
- No0 pts
Whole Body In Frame*
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Hands And Grip Visible*
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Feet Visible*
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Lighting Adequate*
- Yes3 pts
- Marginal1 pt
- No0 pts
Camera Stable*
- Tripod mounted3 pts
- Handheld steady2 pts
- Handheld unstable0 pts
No Obstruction Of View*
- Confirmed3 pts
- Some1 pt
- Significant0 pts
Scale Reference In Frame
A ruler or known dimension lets distances be measured from the footage.
- Yes3 pts
- No1 pt
Complete Cycles Captured*
Five or more lets the analysis see variation rather than one lucky repetition.
Worst Case Cycle Included*
- Yes3 pts
- Uncertain1 pt
- No0 pts
Duration Seconds*
Conditions filmed
3 fieldsNormal Working Pace*
People slow down when filmed. Film long enough that they forget the camera is there.
- Yes3 pts
- Slower than normal0 pts
- Faster than normal0 pts
Normal Product And Conditions*
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Typical Worker Not Best Performer*
- Typical worker3 pts
- Best performer0 pts
What the video cannot see
4 fieldsTwo Numbers The Footage Cannot Give You
Weight and applied force cannot be derived from video. Enter them only where you have selected a method that needs them, and say whether they were measured or estimated, because an estimate carries through into every number the method returns.
Load Weight Kilograms
Push Or Pull Force
Measured Or Estimated
- Measured3 pts
- Estimated0 pts
- Not needed3 pts
Scores returned
Repeats10 fieldsOne Row Per Method
The analysis returns a row for each method you selected. Read the band and the dominant factor first. The dominant factor is where the control should be aimed.
Method*
Returned by the analysis for each method selected.
Score*
Returned by the analysis. Change it only where the reading is clearly wrong, and record why.
Risk Band*
Returned by the analysis and normalised across methods so results can be compared.
- Acceptable4 pts
- Investigate2 pts
- Change soon1 pt
- Change now0 pts
Dominant Contributing Factor*
Returned by the analysis. The element that drove the score, and where the control belongs.
Side Assessed
Returned per side where the task is asymmetric.
Worst Cycle Score
Assessor Agrees With The Result*
Look at the footage and the score together. Disagreement usually means a misread posture or a bad angle.
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Override Applied
- No3 pts
- Yes1 pt
Reason For Override
An unexplained override is worse than no assessment.
Interpretation
6 fieldsHighest Risk Band Across Methods*
- Acceptable4 pts
- Investigate2 pts
- Change soon1 pt
- Change now0 pts
Methods Agree With Each Other*
Methods measure different things, so disagreement is normal. A wide gap is worth understanding.
- Yes3 pts
- Some difference2 pts
- Wide difference1 pt
Result Matches What Workers Report*
- Yes3 pts
- Partly1 pt
- No0 pts
Capture Quality Adequate For The Result*
- Yes3 pts
- Marginal1 pt
- No0 pts
Recapture Required*
- No3 pts
- Yes0 pts
Additional Method Recommended
Outcome
20 fieldsRisk Level*
- Low3 pts
- Medium1 pt
- High0 pts
- Very high0 pts
Action Priority*
- Monitor3 pts
- Plan improvement2 pts
- Act soon1 pt
- Act now0 pts
Action Timescale*
- No action needed3 pts
- Within 6 months2 pts
- Within 1 month1 pt
- Immediate0 pts
Recommended Controls*
Highest Control Level Proposed*
Redesigning the workstation beats a lifting aid, which beats training, which beats rotation.
- Eliminate the task4 pts
- Redesign workstation4 pts
- Mechanical aid3 pts
- Tool change3 pts
- Training1 pt
- Rotation1 pt
Quick Win Available*
- Yes3 pts
- No1 pt
Worker Involved In Solution*
- Yes3 pts
- Consulted2 pts
- No0 pts
Risk Assessment
Risk ID
Format RSK-2026-00000.
Links to FDN-012 Risk ID
Action Required*
Raise the action record, then enter its reference here.
- No2 pts
- Yes0 pts
Priority
- High0 pts
- Medium1 pt
- Low3 pts
CAPA ID
Format CAPA-2026-00000.
Links to FDN-014 CAPA ID
Action Owner
Reassessment Required*
- No3 pts
- Yes1 pt
Reassessment ID
Links to ERG-014 Assessment ID
Next Review Due*
Assessor*
Signature*
Ergonomics*
Second Signature*
ERG-036 · record IDs look like VID-2026-000 · Feeds Task Assessment, Reassessment and CAPA
Open in KnowellaRun it with agents
From a document you fill in to a programme that runs itself
The analysis is the reliable part. What fails is everything wrapped around the footage: the capture nobody checked before the operator went home, the retention date that passed unnoticed, the change now band that never became an action.
Holds captures against the task register, runs the selected methods on one upload, and refuses to close a record where capture quality is marginal and no recapture is raised.

Watches the retention dates and the open bands, flagging footage due for deletion and results in an action band with no CAPA or reassessment attached.
Evidences assessor competence before a record can be signed, and takes captures marked as training material into the manual handling course content.
Keeps the lawful basis, notice requirements and storage location for worker footage in one place, so a site knows what it holds and under what justification.
This template lives in KnowErgo — ergonomics. Task assessment, video posture analysis, rotation and workstation redesign.
Meet KnowErgo→Glossary
Video Assessment definitions and key terms
- RULA
- Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. A posture scoring method weighted towards the upper limb, neck and trunk, with static loading and repetition adjustments, giving an action level from one to four.
- REBA
- Rapid Entire Body Assessment. A whole-body posture method that adds legs and hand coupling, better suited to unpredictable postures and handling tasks than RULA.
- NIOSH lifting equation
- A two-handed lifting method producing a recommended weight limit and a lifting index from horizontal and vertical distances, asymmetry, frequency, duration and coupling.
- Snook tables
- Population tables giving the proportion of men and women capable of a given push, pull, lift or carry at a stated force, distance and frequency.
- MAC
- The Manual Handling Assessment Charts, a screening tool for lifting, carrying and team handling producing colour bands and a numerical score.
- Risk band
- The normalised interpretation of a method score, from acceptable through investigate and change soon to change now, letting different methods be compared.
- Dominant contributing factor
- The element that drove the score: trunk, wrist, neck, legs, force, repetition, static holding or coupling. The single most useful output, because it says where the control belongs.
- Override
- An assessor's deliberate change to a returned score where the analysis has misread the footage, which is legitimate only with a written reason naming the misread element.
FAQ
Frequently asked questions about video assessment
Should we just run all six methods on every capture?+
No. Methods answer different questions, and running the lot produces contradictory outputs that someone then reconciles by deciding which they prefer. Pick from the exposure: RULA or REBA for posture, NIOSH for two-handed lifting, Snook for push, pull and carry, MAC as a banded screen, WISHA as a fast filter. Record why you chose them, because that reasoning is what makes the selection defensible later.
The methods disagree by two bands. Which one do we act on?+
The highest, then go to the dominant factor to understand the gap. Disagreement is usually structural rather than an error: RULA may return acceptable on a task REBA flags, because REBA weights the legs and coupling RULA barely sees. A wide difference is worth a sentence in the interpretation section, since it normally identifies which factor the control has to address.
How long should the footage be?+
Long enough to contain five or more complete cycles including the worst case, and long enough that the person stops performing for the camera, which is several minutes even for a short cycle. Duration is not the target; cycle count and representativeness are. If the worst-case variant happens twice a shift, film it deliberately rather than hoping it appears.
Is consent enough to make filming lawful?+
Not on its own, and often not at all. In an employment relationship regulators treat consent as difficult to obtain freely, so the lawful basis is usually legal obligation or legitimate interests, with the consent record showing the purpose was explained, the worker could decline without consequence, and retention and access were agreed. Some jurisdictions add a statutory notice period for camera surveillance, a separate duty consent does not satisfy.
What happens if the worker withdraws consent later?+
You delete the footage and keep the assessment. This is the practical reason to hold the derived output, scores, bands, dominant factors and anonymised stills, separately from the raw capture: the analysis survives and the identifiable material goes. Sites that keep everything in one place either lose the assessment or quietly fail to honour the withdrawal, and the second is worse.
Can we reuse an old capture for a post control reassessment?+
As the before half, yes, and you should, which is the point of holding the footage. As the after half, never. A reassessment compares the same task under the same method from the same camera position, so the after capture is filmed fresh from that angle. Record the reassessment ID here so the pair stays traceable when someone asks what changed.
Keep going
Related templates and programmes
Industries this is written for
Programmes this belongs to
Used together in Ergonomics and MSD Prevention
Discomfort Report
Lets a worker report aches, pain or discomfort early, before it becomes an injury
Body Part Symptom Survey
Maps where in the body workers are experiencing discomfort, across a team or area
MSD Injury Report
Records a diagnosed musculoskeletal injury, including affected body part and suspected task
Early Intervention Record
Records the actions taken when discomfort is reported, before it becomes an injury
MSD Trend Review
Reviews discomfort reports and MSD injuries across areas and tasks
Task Ergonomic Assessment
Assesses a work task using video, applying the methods you configure such as RULA, REBA or WISHA

Written and reviewed by
Siddarth Singh
Founder & Chief Executive Officer, Knowella
Certified Safety Professional and industrial and systems engineer with more than a decade inside food supply chain, freight and manufacturing operations. This page was written against the current text of the standards it cites, not against secondary summaries of them.
- Certified Safety Professional (CSP), Board of Certified Safety Professionals
- MBA, University of Chicago Booth School of Business
- MS and BS, The Ohio State University, Industrial and Systems Engineering
- Six Sigma Black Belt
Sources and last review. Reviewed 16 August 2026 against:
- ISO 11226, Ergonomics: evaluation of static working postures
- ISO 11228-1, -2 and -3, Ergonomics: manual handling of loads, pushing and pulling, and repetitive handling
- ISO/TR 12295, Application document for ISO 11228 and ISO 11226
- Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (GB) and HSE MAC and RAPP tool guidance
- UK GDPR articles 5, 6 and 35, with ICO guidance on monitoring workers
- NSW Workplace Surveillance Act 2005 and equivalent state surveillance devices legislation (Australia)
This page is general guidance, not legal advice. Confirm requirements with your jurisdiction’s regulator.