What this is
What is a yard check?
What is a yard check?
It is a walked inspection of a defined yard area in which every unit present is identified, positioned, and compared against the system expectation. It records the count found and the count expected, the number of discrepancies, whether each unit could be identified by registration or container number, whether its loaded or empty status and owner are known, and the condition items that matter while equipment stands still: seals, refrigeration, supports, damage and fire route access.
How does a yard check differ from a trailer inventory?
The inventory is the register: the standing list of every unit on site, whose it is and how long it has been there. The yard check is the event that tests the register against reality and updates it. One is a state, the other is a verification, and a site that keeps the inventory but never walks the yard has a register that drifts quietly and confidently.
Who should carry it out?
The yard controller or shift equivalent, on foot, with a countersignature from the warehouse manager on the outcome. Someone who works the yard will read a faded container number, spot a trailer parked with its legs up on a broken jack, and know which units the system habitually loses. The check loses most of its value when delegated to whoever is free, because the anomalies are only visible to someone who knows what normal looks like.
Scope
When is a yard check record required?
This record is the periodic sweep of a yard area. Its neighbours cover the standing register, the gate movements, the dock plan and the safety condition of the yard itself, and using the check in their place produces data that will not aggregate.
Use this template when
- A shift or daily sweep of a defined yard area is due, per the frequency your programme sets
- The system's unit list is suspected to be wrong, or detention is being disputed on equipment nobody can locate
- Equipment has been standing long enough that seals, refrigeration or supports need eyes on them
- A new yard layout, marked positions or trailer park has been brought into use and is being verified in practice
- Peak, weather or an unplanned surge has left units parked outside the marked positions and the position record needs re-establishing
Do not use it for
- Holding the standing list of units on site, which is the Trailer and Equipment Inventory; the check verifies and updates that register rather than duplicating it
- Recording who came in and out, which is the Gate Entry and Exit Log and is a movement record with a different unit of account
- Judging how the dock plan performed, which is the Dock Schedule Adherence Review and concerns slots and turnaround rather than what is standing in the yard
- The safety condition of the yard as a workplace, surface, lighting, pedestrian separation, reversing areas, which is the Yard Safety Inspection
- Releasing an empty unit to its owner, which is the Empty Equipment Release and carries the condition sign-off and liability transfer this check does not
Compliance mapping
Which ISO 9001 cl.8.5.4 requirements does this satisfy?
No regulator prescribes a yard check. The duties it discharges are borrowed: identification and traceability of what you hold, protection of other people's property, preservation of goods while they stand, and the specific physical rules on trailer support, seal integrity and fire access that apply the moment equipment is stationary on your site.
| Clause | Requirement | Where it lands |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 9001 cl.8.5.2 | Identification of outputs and the means to trace them, with the identity retained and recorded | Accuracy |
| ISO 9001 cl.8.5.3 | Property belonging to customers or external providers identified, verified, protected and safeguarded, with loss or damage reported | Accuracy |
| ISO 9001 cl.8.5.4 | Preservation of outputs during processing and storage to the extent necessary to maintain conformity | Condition and safety |
| 21 CFR 1.908(e) | Carrier duty to maintain temperature conditions for food in transit and to demonstrate that they were maintained | Condition and safety |
| 29 CFR 1910.178(k) | Trailer brakes set and wheels chocked, and fixed jacks used to support a semitrailer not coupled to a tractor, before powered trucks enter | Condition and safety |
| International Fire Code 503.4 | Fire apparatus access roads and required clearances kept clear of obstruction at all times | Condition and safety |
| C-TPAT Minimum Security Criteria | Seals on loaded conveyances verified against the recorded number and inspected for tampering, using seals meeting ISO 17712 | Condition and safety |
| ISO 9001 cl.10.2 | Nonconformity reacted to, cause evaluated and corrective action taken, with results retained as documented information | Outcome |
What it does not cover
- The trailer and equipment register, which must hold the standing position, ownership and dwell time of every unit; the check verifies it and cannot substitute for it.
- The detention or demurrage claim, which needs gate-in and gate-out timestamps and the contractual free time, not a count of units observed beyond it.
- The yard safety inspection, which covers the yard as a workplace: surface, lighting, pedestrian separation, reversing areas and traffic routes.
- The dock loading safety check, which covers restraint, dock plates, levellers and the interlock between vehicle and building before anyone enters a trailer.
- Seal integrity as a security control, which needs a controlled seal register, issue and reconciliation; the check confirms what is on the unit, not that the seal programme works.
Global
Yard Check Record requirements by country
The yard is where several regimes overlap without any of them naming it. Quality standards govern what you hold on behalf of others, fire and workplace transport rules govern the space, and food and security schemes govern the units standing in it.
29 CFR 1910.176 and 1910.178(k); International Fire Code 503.4; 21 CFR part 1 subpart O
No yard inspection standard; duties arrive through housekeeping and powered truck rules, fire apparatus access and sanitary food transportation.
A blocked fire lane or an unsupported trailer is a citable condition on the day it is observed, which is why those two items sit in the check rather than in an annual audit.
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, reg.12 and reg.17; HSE HSG136
Traffic routes must be suitable, marked where necessary and kept free of obstruction, with workplace transport risk assessed and managed.
Marked positions are not cosmetic: the parked-in-marked-positions answer is the evidence that the route design survives contact with a busy shift.
Directive 89/654/EEC on workplace requirements; ATP Agreement for temperature-controlled carriage
Minimum workplace requirements including traffic routes and escape routes, with ATP governing equipment used for perishable foodstuffs.
For refrigerated units the ATP certification and its temperature performance are inspectable, so a reefer left off in a yard is a compliance question as well as a product one.
Provincial OHS regulations on material handling and trailer restraint; CSA B335
Trailer restraint and support before lift truck entry, and lift truck operation to the CSA safety standard.
Provincial inspectors treat an unsupported or unrestrained trailer as an imminent hazard, and the yard check is the routine record that it is being caught.
Model WHS Regulations, plant and traffic management duties; Safe Work Australia traffic management guidance
Duty to manage risks from plant and workplace traffic so far as reasonably practicable, with layout and separation the primary controls.
Reasonably practicable puts the burden on layout and marking rather than on care, so repeated out-of-position parking is a design finding.
ISO 9001 cl.8.5; ISO 17712; C-TPAT and AEO security criteria
Identification, customer property and preservation requirements, with seal specifications and conveyance security criteria for cross-border movement.
Under a security scheme the seal check has to be a verification against a recorded number, and a certification auditor will ask to see the yard record that proves it happens between movements.
How to complete it
How to complete a yard check record, step by step
The template will produce a filled form from the yard office window. The four judgements below are what separate a check that finds things from a check that confirms the system.
Open the list after the walk, not before. A checker holding the expected list will match what they see to what they expect, and a faded container number becomes the number on the screen. Read the registration or container number off the unit, including the check digit on a container, and record the position you actually found it in. The units that have been quietly wrong for weeks are the ones a confirmation-driven walk cannot find.
The discrepancy figure is the count of units you cannot reconcile, not the difference between two totals. A yard with two units missing and two units nobody booked in has four discrepancies, and a site that reports the subtraction will show zero and look excellent. Each unexplained unit needs its own line in the outcome with an owner, because an unexpected arrival is a gate failure and an absent unit may be a theft.
Marking an item not applicable removes it from the denominator, which raises the score. That is correct when there genuinely are no loaded units to seal or no reefers to run, and it is quiet score inflation when it is used to skip an item nobody wanted to check. Require the unit mix to justify each one, and read completeness alongside the score.
Damage, a broken seal or a failed refrigeration unit on customer or carrier equipment triggers a duty to tell the owner, and the yard check is usually where it is first seen. Decide at the point of the finding who is notified and by when, and record the notification rather than the intention. The gap between a damage note and a call to the owner is where the argument about liability comes from.
What auditors find
Most common yard check record findings
Yard check findings divide neatly: those about whether the walk really happened, and those about what happened to the discrepancies it found.
| Finding | Clause | What fixes it |
|---|---|---|
| Units found equals units expected on every record for months, on a site with active gate errors. | ISO 9001 cl.9.1.1 | Plot found against expected over time; a flat line of perfect agreement is a transcription of the system, not a walk. |
| Discrepancy count recorded as the arithmetic difference between the two totals. | ISO 9001 cl.8.5.2 | Count unexplained units in both directions and list each one, so two missing and two extra reads as four. |
| Register updated to match the walk with no record of what the mismatch was. | ISO 9001 cl.10.2 | Record the discrepancy and its cause before adjusting; the adjustment is the action, not the finding. |
| Seal recorded as intact without the number being compared to the movement paperwork. | C-TPAT Minimum Security Criteria | Capture the seal number on the check and compare it with the recorded number; presence is not integrity. |
| Refrigeration answered as running with no set point or observed temperature captured. | ISO 9001 cl.8.5.4 | Record set point and display temperature for each unit required to run, and raise an excursion where either is wrong. |
| Units standing beyond free time counted, with no detention log entry raised. | ISO 9001 cl.8.5.3 | Make the beyond-free-time count open a detention log line per unit, referenced from this record. |
| Trailers parked with legs up or on unsuitable ground, and the supports item marked not applicable. | 29 CFR 1910.178(k) | Restrict not-applicable to areas with no uncoupled trailers, and fix the position immediately rather than logging it. |
| Fire route obstruction recorded and closed at the next check without an action or a time to clear. | International Fire Code 503.4 | Treat obstruction as an immediate move-now action with a time recorded, not an item for the outcome section. |
| Damage on customer-owned equipment noted in the record and never reported to the owner. | ISO 9001 cl.8.5.3 | Name the notification recipient and record the date sent; the duty is to report, not to observe. |
| Score band recorded as pass on a form with a low completeness figure and several unanswered items. | ISO 9001 cl.9.1.1 | Gate the result band on completeness, so a partially answered check cannot resolve to a pass. |
Case in point
Case in point: the trailer that had been there six weeks and appeared twice
A regional distribution site ran the yard check nightly. The controller took a tablet, opened the expected list, walked the main yard and the loading area, and confirmed the counts. Yard accuracy sat above ninety-five per cent for eight months and the check took under fifteen minutes. The trailer park at the far end, which held customer-owned units awaiting collection, was covered by the same record because it was in the same area on the site plan.
In October a customer queried an invoice for a chilled trailer they believed collected in August. The site could not find it in the system: it had been gated out on the day the haulier's driver arrived, found the unit blocked in, and left with a different one. The unit was still in the far corner. Its refrigeration had stopped after the fuel ran out, the seal had been cut, and nine pallets of product had been in it the whole time. Eight months of checks had recorded the trailer park, and none had walked to the end of it: the count agreed because the controller was counting against a list that no longer expected the unit to be there.
The failure was structural rather than negligent. A single record covering an area that size, completed with the expected list already open, will always agree, because a unit nobody is looking for is invisible. The fix was three records instead of one, area by area, with the expected list hidden until the walk was submitted, and a rule that any unit with a dwell over seven days is listed by number rather than counted.
The template
The template, field by field
The form exactly as it installs. Every field, option, score and conditional rule is editable, and the links to other templates come with it.
4 sections
- Reference
- LOG-020
- Archetype
- Inspection
- Record ID
- YARD-2026-000
- Scoring
- Yard accuracy
- Direction
- High is good
- Singleton
- Yes
- Basis
- ISO 9001 cl.8.5.4
- Links
- Feeds Trailer Inventory and Detention Log
- Tags
- Yard, Inventory
- Sections
- 4
- Fields
- 44
- Follow up fields
- 3
- Repeating sections
- 0
- Links out
- 4
Header
13 fieldsCheck ID*
Auto sequence. Format YARD-2026-000.
The record's own ID. Other templates point at this value.
Status*
Drives who this goes to next.
- Planned2 pts
- In progress2 pts
- Complete3 pts
- Deferred0 pts
- Open0 pts
- Closed3 pts
- Overdue0 pts
Date and Time*
Completed By*
Site*
Site ID*
Format SITE-000.
Links to FDN-001 Site ID
Yard Area*
Units Found*
Weather
Units Expected Per System*
Discrepancies*
Yard Controller*
Trailers Nobody Has Looked At For A Fortnight
Every yard has equipment sitting in a corner accruing detention while the system believes it left last Tuesday. A physical walk is the only way to find it.
Accuracy
6 fieldsEvery Unit Identified*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Registration Or Container Number Recorded*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Position Recorded*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Loaded Or Empty Status Correct*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Owner Identified*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Arrival Date Known*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Condition and safety
6 fieldsParked In Marked Positions*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Legs Or Supports Down Where Required*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Nothing Blocking Fire Routes*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Seals Intact On Loaded Units*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Refrigeration Running Where Required*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
No Visible Damage Or Leaks*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Outcome
19 fieldsYard Matches System*
- Yes2 pts
- No0 pts
- N/Aexcluded from denominator
Units Beyond Free Time
Detention Log ID
Links to LOG-026 Log ID
Register Updated*
- Yes3 pts
- No0 pts
Trailer Inventory ID
Links to LOG-021 Register ID
Next Check Due*
Items Assessed*
Excludes anything marked N/A.
Items Failed*
Score Percent*
Calculated on submission. High is good. N/A items leave the denominator.
Result Band*
- Pass3 pts
- Caution1 pt
- Fail0 pts
Completeness Percent*
How much of the template was actually answered. A high score on a half completed form is not a high score.
Action Required*
Raise the action record, then enter its reference here.
- No2 pts
- Yes0 pts
Priority
- High0 pts
- Medium1 pt
- Low3 pts
CAPA ID
Format CAPA-2026-00000.
Links to FDN-014 CAPA ID
Action Owner
Yard Controller*
Signature*
Warehouse Manager*
Second Signature*
LOG-020 · record IDs look like YARD-2026-000 · Feeds Trailer Inventory and Detention Log
Open in KnowellaRun it with agents
From a document you fill in to a programme that runs itself
The walk is not the difficult part. What fails is everything downstream: the discrepancy that closed as a system edit, the long-dwelling unit nobody escalated, and the damage on somebody else's trailer that was never reported to them.
Holds yard checks against the trailer and equipment register, tracks dwell time per unit, and lists the long dwellers by number on the next check rather than in a total.

Reconciles each check against gate movements, flags discrepancies that were closed by adjustment instead of investigation, and opens the detention line for every unit past free time.
Takes seal, damage and refrigeration findings on customer or carrier equipment into nonconformance and owner notification, with the corrective action retained against the record.
Routes blocked fire routes, unsupported trailers and out-of-position parking to immediate action, and reports repeat locations as a layout problem rather than a behaviour one.
This template lives in KnowLogistics — supply chain execution. Inbound, outbound, inventory, yard, claims, supplier lifecycle and customs.
Glossary
Yard Check Record definitions and key terms
- Yard check
- A walked verification of a defined yard area comparing units present, their identity, position and status against the system's record.
- Discrepancy
- A unit that cannot be reconciled in either direction: present but not expected, or expected but not present. Counted individually, not netted off.
- Dwell time
- How long a unit has stood on site since arrival, which drives both detention exposure and the likelihood that nobody has looked at it.
- Free time
- The contractual period during which a unit may be held without charge, after which detention or demurrage begins to accrue.
- Seal integrity
- The seal number matching the recorded number and the seal body showing none of the tampering signatures an ISO 17712 high-security seal is designed to reveal.
- Container number
- The owner code and serial with its check digit under ISO 6346, which is the identity to read off the unit rather than the one offered by the system.
- Trailer restraint
- The chocks, restraints and fixed jacks that keep an uncoupled trailer stable and stationary before a powered truck enters it.
- Yard accuracy
- The proportion of units whose recorded identity, position and status match what a physical walk finds, which only means anything if the walk was independent of the list.
FAQ
Frequently asked questions about yard check record
How often should the yard be walked?+
Once per shift where units move continuously, daily where they do not, and by area rather than by site. Frequency matters less than segmentation: one record covering a large yard will be completed as a count, while three records covering three areas are completed as three walks. The trailer park holding long-dwelling customer equipment usually needs the check least often and benefits from it most.
Should the checker see the expected list before the walk?+
No. Hold it back until the walk is submitted. A checker who knows what should be there will confirm it, which is human and makes the whole exercise circular. Record what is present, then reveal the expectation and reconcile. If your tooling cannot hide the list, at least require the registration or container number of every unit to be entered rather than ticked.
Is a yard check a safety inspection?+
Only for the items that concern stationary equipment: supports down, marked positions, fire routes clear, no visible damage or leaks. The condition of the yard as a workplace, surface, lighting, reversing arrangements, pedestrian separation, belongs to the yard safety inspection, which is assessed at a different frequency and by a different competence. Merging the two produces a long form that is completed badly.
What should happen when a seal is found broken?+
Stop, do not open, and treat it as a security and product integrity event rather than a yard finding. Record the seal number as found, photograph it, notify the equipment and product owner, and raise the nonconformance. Under a security scheme the discovery point and the person who found it are part of the record, and a broken seal quietly replaced from the site's own stock destroys the evidence and the chain at once.
Does the yard check settle a detention dispute?+
No, but it is what makes one winnable. Detention is argued from gate-in and gate-out timestamps against contractual free time, which is the gate log and the detention record. What the yard check contributes is proof that the unit was physically present on given dates, which is the fact most often missing when a haulier claims a unit was collected weeks before it was.
How should not-applicable answers be handled in the score?+
They leave the denominator, which is correct and also the easiest way to inflate a result. The defence is the completeness figure sitting beside the score: read them together, and treat a rising number of not-applicable answers on the same area as a signal that items are being skipped rather than that the yard has changed.
Keep going
Related templates and programmes
Industries this is written for
Programmes this belongs to
Used together in Yard and Mobile Plant
Trailer and Equipment Inventory
Holds every trailer, container and piece of transport equipment on site, whose it is and how long it has been here
Gate Entry and Exit Log
Records every vehicle entering and leaving, who was driving, what they carried and whether they were expected
Dock Schedule Adherence Review
Reviews how the dock schedule performed against plan, covering slot adherence, turnaround and idle doors
Empty Equipment Release
Releases an empty trailer, container or pallet load of equipment back to its owner and records the condition it left in
Detention and Demurrage Log
Records time a vehicle or container spent beyond its free period, why, and who is liable
Loading Dock Safety Check
Checks dock levellers, edge protection, lighting, restraints and pedestrian separation before and during loading
More in Yard and Dock
Trailer and Equipment Inventory
Holds every trailer, container and piece of transport equipment on site, whose it is and how long it has been here
Gate Entry and Exit Log
Records every vehicle entering and leaving, who was driving, what they carried and whether they were expected
Dock Schedule Adherence Review
Reviews how the dock schedule performed against plan, covering slot adherence, turnaround and idle doors
Empty Equipment Release
Releases an empty trailer, container or pallet load of equipment back to its owner and records the condition it left in

Written and reviewed by
Siddarth Singh
Founder & Chief Executive Officer, Knowella
Certified Safety Professional and industrial and systems engineer with more than a decade inside food supply chain, freight and manufacturing operations. This page was written against the current text of the standards it cites, not against secondary summaries of them.
- Certified Safety Professional (CSP), Board of Certified Safety Professionals
- MBA, University of Chicago Booth School of Business
- MS and BS, The Ohio State University, Industrial and Systems Engineering
- Six Sigma Black Belt
Sources and last review. Reviewed 16 August 2026 against:
- ISO 9001:2015 clauses 8.5.2, 8.5.3 and 8.5.4 — identification and traceability, customer property, preservation
- ISO 9001:2015 clauses 9.1.1 and 10.2 — monitoring and measurement, nonconformity and corrective action
- International Fire Code section 503.4 — obstruction of fire apparatus access roads
- C-TPAT Minimum Security Criteria and ISO 17712 — conveyance security and high-security seals
- 21 CFR part 1 subpart O, section 1.908(e) — Sanitary Transportation of Human and Animal Food, carrier requirements
- 29 CFR 1910.178(k) — trucks and railroad cars (US)
This page is general guidance, not legal advice. Confirm requirements with your jurisdiction’s regulator.